Linking words · deshalb, trotzdem
deshalb (so), trotzdem (anyway), sonst (otherwise) take the first place, so the verb comes straight after: Es regnet, deshalb bleibe ich zu Hause. After denn and aber nothing moves.
Examples
- Es regnet, deshalb bleibe ich zu Hause.It's raining, so I'm staying at home.
- Ich bin müde, trotzdem gehe ich zur Party.I'm tired, but I'm going to the party anyway.
How it works
Some linking words take the first place in their clause, so the changing verb comes straight after them and the subject moves behind the verb — the same rule as "Heute gehe ich". Others (und, aber, oder, denn) stand outside the clause and change nothing.
Verb next
deshalb, darum, also, trotzdem, sonst, dann
It's raining, so I'm staying at home.
I have no time, so I can't come.
The film was boring, but we stayed anyway.
Hurry up, otherwise we'll miss the train.
First I eat, then I do my homework.
What they mean
Nothing moves
und, aber, oder, denn
I'm staying at home, because I'm ill.
I'd like to come, but I have to work.
Because and so
three word orders
Common mistakes
denn moves nothing
What you'll practise
1. deshalb, darum, also + verb
At the start of a clause these words (so, that's why) take the first place: the verb comes next, then the subject: deshalb bleibe ich.
- Ich habe keine Zeit, darum kann ich nicht kommen.I have no time, so I can't come.
2. trotzdem, sonst, dann + verb
The same order for anyway, otherwise and then: trotzdem gehe ich, sonst verpassen wir den Zug, dann mache ich …
- Beeil dich, sonst verpassen wir den Zug.Hurry up, otherwise we'll miss the train.
3. denn, aber: nothing moves
und, aber, oder and denn stand before the clause: subject, then verb, as usual: denn ich bin krank.
- Ich bleibe zu Hause, denn ich bin krank.I'm staying at home, because I'm ill.
Practise it until it sticks
Short drills built on these 3 skills, with instant feedback on every answer. Free to start.