Fixed expressions · feste Wendungen
Everyday phrases that break the rules you just learned — no article, an old dative (the form for "to / for whom", and after mit, zu, bei …) ending, or an article welded in that never changes. Learn them whole.
Examples
- Wir gehen zu Fuß.We're walking.
- Zum Glück habe ich Zeit.Luckily I have time.
- Wie sagt man das auf Deutsch?How do you say that in German?
After this pattern you can
- see why zu Hause and nach Hause look odd
- say you go somewhere on foot
- say "in German", "for example", "luckily"
- recognise why some phrases drop the article
- stop trying to derive these with case rules
Start with a conversation
Where are you?
I'm at home.
When are you going home?
At six. I'm walking.
How do you say that in German?
Luckily I have a dictionary.
Not one of these behaves the way the case rules would predict. They are frozen phrases: memorise them as single units.
ZU HAUSE vs NACH HAUSE — a review of the pair you already use
WHY "HAUSE" AND NOT "HAUS" Hause is an old dative (the form for "to / for whom", and after mit, zu, bei …) form. Older German added -e to dative singular nouns; modern German dropped it (dem Haus), but a few fixed phrases kept it:
Phrases with no article at all
to have lunch / dinner Wir essen um eins zu Mittag. We have lunch at one.
Frozen phrases that keep an article
These do have one — zum is zu + dem, im is in + dem — but it is welded in. Don't decline it, don't swap it.
Several of these like to open a sentence — and then the verb-second rule applies as usual, pushing the subject behind the verb: "Zum Glück HABE ich Zeit."
Note that this breaks the two-way rule
You learned that place takes in + dative and movement takes in + accusative (the form for the person or thing the action is done to). zu Hause and nach Hause follow neither — they don't even use in. Don't try to derive them; they're vocabulary, not grammar.
Phrases you can use today
How do you say that in German?
Typical mistakes
nach is for going, zu for being there.
Grammatical, but it means "inside the building" — not "at home".
Languages take auf, not in.
The contraction is part of the phrase.
What you'll practise
1. No article in the phrase
zu Fuß, zu Bett, zu Ende, in Ordnung — the article is dropped and never comes back.
- Ich gehe zu Fuß.I'm walking.
- Der Film ist zu Ende.The film is over.
2. The fossilised dative -e
Hause, Jahre, Lande keep an old dative (the form for "to / for whom", and after mit, zu, bei …) ending that modern German dropped everywhere else.
- Wir bleiben zu Hause.We're staying at home.
- im Jahre 2020in the year 2020
3. Frozen phrases that keep an article
zum Beispiel, zum Glück, im Moment, auf jeden Fall — the article is welded in, so don't decline it.
- Zum Glück habe ich Zeit.Luckily I have time.
- Im Moment habe ich keine Zeit.I have no time at the moment.
Practise it until it sticks
Short drills built on these 3 skills, with instant feedback on every answer. Free to start.