Separable verbs
Talk about your daily routine — getting up, calling someone, going shopping. These verbs are a prefix glued to a base verb, and in a normal sentence the prefix flies to the end.
Examples
- Ich stehe um sieben Uhr auf.I get up at seven.
- Ich muss früh aufstehen.I have to get up early.
- Ich rufe dich später an.I'll call you later.
After this pattern you can
- describe your daily routine
- say when you get up and go out
- tell someone you'll call them
- recognise which prefixes detach and which don't
Start with a conversation
When do you get up?
I get up at seven.
And this evening?
I'll call you later.
Do you still need to do the shopping?
Yes, I still have to do the shopping.
aufstehen and anrufen split apart — stehe … auf, rufe … an. But after the modal muss, einkaufen stayed in one piece.
The verbs
The prefix changes the meaning completely:
Others: ankommen (arrive), mitkommen (come along), fernsehen (watch TV), abfahren (depart), zurückkommen (come back).
THE PREFIX DETACHES in a main clause:
I get up at seven.
I'll call you later.
We do the shopping on Saturday.
IT STAYS ATTACHED whenever the verb isn't the conjugated (changed to match the subject) one:
Ich muss früh aufstehen. I have to get up early.
…, weil ich früh aufstehe.
WHICH PREFIXES DETACH? Stress tells you. Separable ones are stressed: AUF-stehen, AN-rufen, MIT-kommen. These eight never detach:
I'm visiting my parents.
I don't understand that.
Phrases you can use today
When does the train leave?
Typical mistakes
Without the prefix this means "I'm standing at seven o'clock".
What you'll practise
1. Prefix to the end
In a main clause the prefix detaches and lands last: aufstehen → Ich stehe um sieben auf.
- Der Zug kommt um zehn an.The train arrives at ten.
- Wir kaufen am Samstag ein.We do the shopping on Saturday.
2. Stays whole after a modal
With a modal, or in a verb-final clause, the verb keeps its prefix: Ich muss früh aufstehen.
- Ich will heute früh aufstehen.I want to get up early today.
- Kannst du mich morgen anrufen?Can you call me tomorrow?
3. Inseparable prefixes
be-, ge-, er-, ver-, zer-, ent-, emp-, miss- never detach: Ich besuche meine Eltern.
- Ich besuche meine Eltern.I visit my parents.
- Sie versteht die Frage nicht.She doesn't understand the question.
Practise it until it sticks
Short drills built on these 3 skills, with instant feedback on every answer. Free to start.