定语从句（who / which / that / whose / where）
用一个从句修饰名词，而且放在名词后面：the woman who helped me。
例句
- I have a friend who lives in London.我有一个住在伦敦的朋友。
- I know a boy whose father is a pilot.我认识一个男孩，他的父亲是飞行员。
- The cake she made was delicious.她做的蛋糕很好吃。
讲解
学会以后，你能
- 把中文“……的人／东西”说成完整的英语句子
- 选对 who、which、that、whose、where、when
- 知道什么时候关系代词可以省略
语序
修饰语放在名词后面
中文：昨天帮助我的 那个女人
英语：the woman who helped me yesterday
先说名词，再用关系词引出从句。
The woman who helped me is a doctor.
那个帮助我的女人是一名医生。
who / which / that —— 人还是物
人：who 或 that
I have a friend who lives in London.
我有一个住在伦敦的朋友。
物：which 或 that
I like books that have a lot of pictures.
我喜欢有很多图片的书。
whose
“……的”（所属关系）
I know a boy whose father is a pilot.
我认识一个男孩，他的父亲是飞行员。
whose 后面直接跟名词：whose father、whose bag。
where / when
地点和时间
This is the city where I was born.
这就是我出生的城市。
I'll never forget the day when we first met.
我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
可以省略的关系代词
做宾语时
从句里已经有主语（you、she），关系代词是宾语，就可以省略。
The man you met yesterday is my brother.
你昨天见到的那个人是我哥哥。
The cake she made was delicious.
她做的蛋糕很好吃。
做主语时不能省：The woman who helped me（不能说 The woman helped me is …）。
常见错误
This is the book that I bought it yesterday.This is the book that I bought yesterday.
关系代词已经代替了 the book，从句里不能再加 it。
the man which lives next doorthe man who lives next door
指人用 who 或 that，不用 which。
This is the city where I visited.This is the city that I visited.
visit 后面要宾语，用 that / which；where 只在从句已经完整时用（I was born there → where I was born）。
the book what I boughtthe book that I bought
what 不能当定语从句的关系词。
练习要点
1. who / which / that
指人用 who 或 that；指物用 which 或 that。
- The woman who helped me is a doctor.那个帮助我的女人是一名医生。
- I like books that have a lot of pictures.我喜欢有很多图片的书。
2. whose（……的）
whose + 名词，表示所属关系。
- I know a boy whose father is a pilot.我认识一个男孩，他的父亲是飞行员。
- The woman whose bag was stolen called the police.那个包被偷的女人报了警。
3. where / when
修饰地点用 where，修饰时间用 when。
- This is the city where I was born.这就是我出生的城市。
- I'll never forget the day when we first met.我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
4. 省略关系代词
关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。
- The man you met yesterday is my brother.你昨天见到的那个人是我哥哥。
- This is the book I bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的书。
练到脱口而出
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